Agyimplantátummal javítottak emberi memóriát
Szemlézte: Pöltz Ágnes
2017.11.22. 09:18
Egy professzor olyan agyimplantátumot fejlesztett, ami a rövidtávú memóriát 15 százalékkal, a munkamemóriát pedig 25 százalékkal tette hatékonyabbá.
Elon Musktól kezdve a Massachusettsi Műszaki Egyetem kutatóiig, vagy éppen az amerikai védelmi minisztériumig mindenki agyimplantátumok fejlesztésén dolgozik évek óta, és csak idő kérdése, hogy mikor vetik be ezeket élesben is az emberi agy képességeinek javítására.
A Dél-Kaliforniai Egyetem (USC) professzora, Dong Song nemrég áttörő eredményt ért el ezen a területen, sikeresen tudta demonstrálni azt, hogyan javult az emberi memória teljesítménye az általa fejlesztett agyimplantátummal. A biomedikális mérnök által fejlesztett „memóriaprotézis” az első olyan eszköz, amivel sikerült ezt elérni.
A tesztet 20 önkéntes segítségével végezték el, akikbe agyi elektródákat implantáltak, ezután Dong eszköze képes volt adatokat gyűjteni agyi aktivitásukról. A kutatók ezután meghatározták azt a mintát, ami az optimális memória teljesítményt jellemezte, majd az eszköz elektródáinak segítségével stimulálták az agyat arra, hogy kövessék azt.
A kutatás eredményei szerint a stimulálás a rövidtávú memóriát körülbelül 15 százalékkal, míg a munkamemóriát 25 százalékkal javította. Amikor az agyat véletlenszerűen stimulálták a minta követése nélkül, rosszabb eredményt hozott. Ahogyan Song is fogalmazott a New Scientist szaklapnak:
Egy neurális kódot írtunk a memóriafunkciók kiterjesztéséhez, korábban sosem sikerült ezt elérni.”
Az eszközt később az Alzheimerben és a demenciában szenvedők kezeléséhez lehetne felhasználni.
Az Alzheimer kockázata a korral nő, és az Alzheimer Association szerint a legtöbb érintett 65 éven felüli, 2030-ra pedig a becslések szerint az amerikai lakosság ötödét ez a korosztály teszi majd ki.
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