Megállítható lehet a gyulladás Alzheimerben
Szemlézte: Pöltz Ágnes
2018.03.10. 09:12
Az immunrendszerrel kapcsolatos új felfedezés lehetővé teszi az orvosok számára, hogy többek között az agyat is érintő káros gyulladásos folyamatokat megállítsák az olyan neurodegeneratív betegségekben is, mint például az Alzheimer-kór.
A neurológiai gyulladások hagyományos kezelése az Alzheimer-kórban, Parkinson-kórban valamint más hasonló betegségekben többnyire azért hatástalan, mivel a biológiai gyógyszereket blokkolja az úgynevezett vér-agy gát. Ez a védővonal egyrészt megvédi az agyat az olyan veszélyektől, mint a baktériumok vagy mérgező anyagok a vérben, de megnehezíti a hasznos gyógyszerek agyba jutását is. „A jelenleg a gyulladásokban használt legtöbb biológiai szer nem hat az agyban, mivel nem tud eljutni oda” – magyarázta dr. Bimal Desai, immunológus szakértő.
A tudós új eredménye, mely a makrofágok néven ismert fontos immunsejtekkel kapcsolatos, most segíthet megkerülni ezt a problémát. A kutatócsoport ugyanis egy speciális elektromos kapcsolót fedezett fel, egy úgynevezett ioncsatornát, mely a makrofágokon belül a sejtbe áramló kalcium mennyiségét képes kontrollálni. A kalcium hiányában pedig a sejtek nem képesek gyulladást okozni. Az elektromos kapcsoló célbavétele által a tudósok kicsiny molekulák segítségével meg tudták tagadni a makrofágoktól a kalciumot és megelőzték ezzel a gyulladást – még az agyban is.
Ezzel pedig a tudomány a gyulladások prevenciójának új és jobb módját alakíthatják ki. A kisebb molekulák ugyanis feltehetően olcsóbb kezelési megoldást jelentenek és az ioncsatornákat is hatékonyabban veszik célba. Ezzel leginkább az idegrendszeren belüli gyulladások terápiájában várható áttörés.
A cikk szerzője hozzátette, hogy a gyógyszercégek már fejlesztik a fenti elektromos kapcsolót szabályozó új gyógyszert. Ez pedig jó hír lehet számos, gyulladásos betegségben szenvedő páciens számára. Az idegrendszer megbetegedésin kívül ugyanis a találmány hasznos lehet például az arthritises, valamint a gyulladásos bélbetegséggel rendelkező személyek számára, sőt a szepszis kezelésében is fontos szerepet tölthet majd be.
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